Comprehensive Guide to Filing FIR for Domestic Cruelty & Dowry Harassment
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Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code (1860) criminalizes cruelty by a husband or his relatives towards a married woman. Recognized as a cognizable, non-bailable, and non-compoundable offense, it carries punishment up to 3 years imprisonment with fine.
2017 Supreme Court Guidelines:
No automatic arrests, Family Welfare Committee review mandatory
2023 Update:
Mandatory mediation attempts before arrest in non-violent cases
Visit nearest police station with documentary evidence
Submit written complaint to SHO (Station House Officer)
Demand FIR copy under Section 154 CrPC
Medical examination if physical injuries present
Investigation by appointed officer (max 60 days)
Chargesheet filing in competent court
Mandated guidelines against automatic arrests
Upheld constitutional validity of 498A
Introduced Family Welfare Committees
Stricter scrutiny of frivolous cases
✅ No, Section 498A specifically applies to cruelty by husband or his relatives towards a married woman.
✅ Yes, it's a bailable offense but subject to court discretion based on case merits.
✅ Yes, through mutual settlement via Supreme Court guidelines or if allegations are proven false.